Who should avoid intermittent fasting: Key health risks to know

Intermittent fasting (IF) has become a popular approach for weight management, improved metabolism, and overall wellness. By alternating periods of eating and fasting, many people report benefits such as fat loss, better blood sugar control, and enhanced energy. However, IF is not suitable for everyone, and following it without proper guidance can pose health risks. Certain groups, including those with medical conditions, nutritional deficiencies, or specific life stages, may experience adverse effects if they attempt fasting. Understanding who should avoid intermittent fasting is crucial to maintaining health and safety while exploring its potential benefits.A study published in Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology investigated the association between intermittent fasting (IF) and disordered eating behaviours among adolescents and young adults. The findings highlighted a significant correlation between IF practices and increased risk of disordered eating, particularly among women. 1. Individuals with cardiovascular conditionsRecent studies have raised concerns about the impact of restrictive eating windows on heart health. Research indicates that limiting eating to an eight-hour window may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. For instance, a study involving nearly 20,000 adults found that those who consumed all their meals within an eight-hour eating window had more than double the risk of death from cardiovascular disease compared to those with a 12 to 14-hour eating window . Therefore, individuals with existing heart conditions should consult healthcare professionals before considering IF.2. People with diabetes or blood sugar issuesIntermittent fasting can affect blood sugar levels, which is a concern for individuals with diabetes or those prone to hypoglycemia. Extended periods without food intake can lead to low blood sugar levels, resulting in symptoms like dizziness, fatigue, and confusion. It's crucial for individuals with diabetes to monitor their blood sugar levels closely and seek medical advice before attempting IF.3. Pregnant or breastfeeding womenPregnancy and breastfeeding require adequate nutrition to support both the mother and the baby. Intermittent fasting may not provide the necessary nutrients and energy during these critical periods. Therefore, pregnant or breastfeeding women should avoid IF unless advised otherwise by a healthcare provider.4. Individuals with eating disorders or disordered eating behavioursFor those with a history of eating disorders such as anorexia, bulimia, or binge eating, intermittent fasting can exacerbate unhealthy relationships with food. The restrictive nature of IF may trigger or worsen disordered eating patterns. It's essential for individuals with such histories to approach dietary changes with caution and under professional guidance.5. Children and adolescentsDuring periods of growth and development, children and adolescents have increased nutritional needs. Intermittent fasting can interfere with these needs, potentially affecting growth and development. Therefore, IF is generally not recommended for individuals under 18 years of age.6. Individuals with nutritional deficienciesIf someone has existing nutritional deficiencies, intermittent fasting may worsen the condition by limiting the intake of essential nutrients. It's important to address any nutritional deficiencies before considering IF to ensure overall health and well-being.Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any changes to your health routine or treatment.Also read | What is the best time to take fish oil supplements (morning or night) for energy, focus, and long-term health